Oil burner



Patented July 27, 1.926.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed December 23, 1925. Serial No. 77,370.

I lily invention relates to oil bur ers, particularly to comparatively small oil burners adapted for house heating purposes provided with a gravity oil feed.

I am aware that burners of a similar type to mine have been hitherto provided, comprising a burner bowl, usually provided with a burner cone having means to supply oil upwardly therein, said means usually comprising a small pipe, and means to tie fleet air downwardly on said burner cone or bowl. The oil however, has not become vaporized until it is discharged out of the oil supply duct and trickles over the burner cone, and is usually ignited just after vaporizing. Due to this fact the small oil supply inlet pipe has usually become clogged with carbon. Employing my invention, which eomprises'merely inserting the base of a T pipe-fitting in the oil supply duct the T pipe-fitting acts as an oil vaporizer to thoroughly vaporize the oil before it is dis charged in transverse jets above the burner cone.

One object of my invention therefore is to provide I believe for the first time a fuel vaporizer in burners of this description.

A further objectof my invention is to provide a more ellicient oil burner of this type than hitherto provided by thoroughly vaporizing the oil before ignition. It is obvious that the upper portion of the transverse portion of the T pipe-fitting deflects the oil vapor downwards so that it can be thoroughly vaporized before being discharged in said transverse jets and that the upper portion of the transverse portion of said I pipe-fitting thus acts as a deflector plate for this purpose.

A further object of my invention is to provide an oil vaporizer in this type of burner cheap, simple of construction and which is readily detachable from the oil supply duct and which may be readily cleaned.

A further object of my invention in its preferred embodiment is to so lengthen the oil supply duet that it may be acted upon by the flames and the downwardly discharged preheated air so that the oil in the vaporizer may be more readily vaporized before discharge and later ignition.

A further object of my invention in its preferred embodiment is to mix with the preheated air sufficient vaporized oil for p per c m ust n? These and such other objects of my invention as may hereinafter appear will be best understood from a description of one embodiment thereof such as is shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a house heating furnace having the wall thereof partially broken away to show an oil burner constructed in accordance with my invention installed therein, the oil supply pipe therefor and an oil storage tank connected thereto.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of my improved oil burner.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view thereof taken along the lines 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4: is a plan view of the modified T pipe-fitting vaporizer I employ.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the improved modified type of 'i" pipe-fitting vaporizer.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic sectional view illustrating the vaporization of the oil in the T pipe-fitting.

In the drawings, wherein like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout, 10 illustrates a house heating furnace. To install my improved oil burner 12 in furnaces of this type it is not necessary even to remove the grate, the burner bowl 1 1 of my improved burner is merely laid substantially in the center of the grate and the air conduit 16 and vaporizer 18 suitably mounted thereon. To insure the proper draft for the oil burner 12 the annular portion 20 of the grate 21 around the burner bowl is preferably suitably covered with asbestos 22 or other suitable material to prevent the draft from coming up therethrough and to insure that all the draft will come up through the air inlet openings 24 of the burner bowl 14. An oil tank 26 is suitably mounted preferably adjacent to the furnace 10 and suitably connected by a pipe 28 to the oil burner 12 in a manner to be described.

As stated, the preferred embodiment of my invention comprises three parts, namely the burner bowl 14C, the air conduit 16 and the oil vaporizer 18. The burner bowl 14E is provided with the depending annular exterior flange 30 for mounting it on the furnace 21. Depending from the upper ends of said annular flange or cylinder 30 is the bowl 32 of usual configuration. It is over the bowl surface 32 that the oil vapor is ignited. l Vhile I have shown in my preferred embodiment is true bowlor pan STATES PATENI QFFICIZ.

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it is obvious that parts of it may be dispensed with and I therefore employ the word bowl to include any suitable ignition surface of true bowl shape or otherwise. lhe outer edge of the how 32 preferably provided with a plurality oi. standing air inlet openings preterabiy two as shown in the drawings preferably spaced at diametrically opposite points on the outer edge of said bowl surface it. I also preterably provide preferably substan tially near the center ot the bowl iii Ia. centrally upstanding burner cone 36. In my preferred embodin'ient said burner core 36 is provided with a plurality of radialy spaced annular grooves 238 arrang' d one above in stepped. relatim ip.

another Though said burner cone 3t? tl'unctions to more thoroughly vaporize any oil which may not be thoroughly vaporized by the vaporizer 18 it may be dis iensetl In the claims I employ the word con in the general sense used in the art as deliningits function rather than its conlietuation. The bowl isprovided with the oil inlet duct 4-.0 which preterably extends substantially centrally vertically of the cone Said oil inlet duct is suitably connected as at 29 to the oil supply. pipe 28.

To provide means to discharge air downwardlv upon the burner cone I greterahl v provide the air supply conduit jltioverarching said burner bowll Said conduit lliis preferably provided with the down turned ends 42 adapted to be connected to said upstanding air. inlet ducts 2-1 of t our? it'll.

1.19 bowl. Though in. my preferred embodiment I have shown the bowl memberi provided with two upstanding; inltit op inns, and the air supply conduit: provided with two cooperating; downturncd em 1. adapted to register with said inlet open;-

cooperatinp; air inlet openings. and. do wir turned ends may be provided it desired; The bowl member 14: and conduit. member 16 are so constructed that when the conduit 16 is laid upon the liowl"l-l-. the downturned ends 42 wi l register withtlie air inlet openings 2d; To insure that this flush lit takes place I preterably provide the outer edges of the bowl 'll'exteriorof said air inlet openings 2d with the upstanding curved ribs 4st. Said conduit- 16 also provided with the preferably central air discl'iarue opening disposed over the burner cone 36. I preterably provide the portion of the conduit.

directly above the discharge opening with.

the downwardly deflected portion in to-provide surfaces for deflectingthe heated air down through the discharge opening 46.

In addition-v 18 be attac. vaporize the oil p l to thebn tier-tel union howl.

-2 1 being preferably adapterlgto discharge;

ings it is obvious that a plurality ol said pro ide an oil vaporizer vapor outwardly of theburner bowl in transverse jets. In my preferred e1nbodi men-t said vaporizer 18 preferably comprises the T pipe-fitting 18, said 'l pipelitting being provided with the usual depending base and upper transverse por: tion In my preferred embodiment I preferably construct the lower portion 5d of the base so tlrereot of smaller diameter than the upper portion 56, the lower portion 5 L being approximately the diameter of the air inlet duct 41:0 to compactly register therein and to provide the annular shoulder. 58 to vertically position said vaporizer 18 within said oil in et duct 40. In my preliu'red embodiment, the burner con-e 36 and the T pipe-fitting are. of such a height that the ends 60 ot the. transverse portion 52 of said T pipe-fitting; will discharge sul'istantiall flush. with the lower annular end d7 of the dcpemling' annular air discharge opening 4-6 or". the air supply conduit 16. It obvious that the upper, portion (52 ot the trans verse portion 52 ot the T pipe fitting may provide deflecting; means to' deflect the oil and vapor downwards to incite thoroughly vaporize it before it is discharged intransverse radial jets (l l "from said vaporizer 18.

In case the oil should not be properly ignited due to a poor grade thereot or for any other reason. I provide the. bowl 1-lwith the overflow hole through which unconsumed oil may flow, and I provide the return duct 72 leading from said hole to a suitable trap 74 connected to the oil inlet pipe 28.

I he operation of my. invention is obvious from the above description. The usual draft in the turnace sucks air through the. air inlet openings 2-1-- through the air supply conduit ]G. and. discharges it downwardly over the vaporizer 1S burner cone 36 and bowl. surface 32. The oil 66 is led by gravity from the tank QG'thron h the piping; 28 and upwards. throughthe oil supply duct 4-0. As explainedthe oil vapor is in? nited over. the burner cone 3.6 andrbowlsurface 32 alter it has been discharged'in trans ve se jets from the vaporizer 18. the flames spreadin; r-over the entire burner cone 36, at the center portion of the bowl and aroundthe air supply conduit 16. Itis ob vious that. the air coming up through the air supply conduit is to a certain degree 1:)reheated by the counter. current principle before comingin. contact with, the oil; It is obvious that due to the intense heat of jected to this: tremendous: heat! it becomes; partially vapor zed he-tor'elea ving-i the up. tbQrQLl and" per end 68 of the duct Q:

...-.ition and combustion that the upper end iii) oil vapor rushes up through the base 50 of the vaporizer 1.8, it is obvious that it strikes the upper portion 62 of the transverse por tion 52 of the T pipe-fitting and as shown in Fig. 6 is deflected downwards as at 70, and then due to the draft present is suclred outwards above the burner cone in the transverse jets 64 for ignition. The oil vapor 65 then is met by the down rush of air from the air supply conduit 16 and is ignited as explained over the bowl 32, the cone 36 and adjacent portions of the air supply conduit 16.

It is obvious that I have provided in an oil burner of the gravity feed type means to thoroughly vaporize the oil before ignition, said means bcinp; simple in construction, readily cleaned, cheap and readily attached.

It is understood that my invention is not limited to the embodiment shown and that various deviations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secrete by Letters Patent is:

1. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl having a plurality of upstanding air inlet openings spaced at diametrically opposite points near the outer edge thereof, a

central upstanding burner cone formed with radially spaced annular grooves in stepped relationship having an oil inlet duct extending substantially centrally vertically thereof, an air supply conduit overarching said burner bowl having downturned ends con.- nected to said upstanding air inlet openings of the burner bowl and a depending air discharge opening disposed over said burner cone. said. conduit having the portion above the discharge opening downwardly deflected to provide surfaces for deflecting the heated air down through said discharge opening and a fuel vaporizer comprising a T pipe- .fitting, the lower portion of the base thereof being of smaller diameter than the upper to register within said oil inlet duct and to form ashoulder to position it therein, each end of the transverse portion thereof discharging); substantially flush with the lower end of the depending air discharge opening of said air supply conduit whereby the no per portion of the transverse portion of said T pipe-fitting may provide deflecting means to more thoroughly vaporize the oil before discharge from said fitting and ignition.

2. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl having air inlet openings, and a central upstanding burner cone, having an .oil inlet duct extending substantially vertically thereof, an air supply conduit overarching said burner bowl having downturned ends connected to said air inlet openings of the burner bowl and a depending air discharge opening disposed over said burner cone and a fuel vaporizer comprising a T pipe-fitting adapted to register within said oil inlet duct.

3. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl having a. plurality of upstanding air inlet openings spaced at diametrically oppo site points near the outer edge thereof and a central upstanding burner cone having an oil inlet duct extending substantially centi-ally vertically thereof, an air supply con duit overarching said burner bowl having); downturned ends connected to said upstand ing air inlet openings of the burner bowl and a depending air discharge opening dis posed over said burner cone and a fuel vaporizer comprising a T pipe-fitting adapted to register within said oil inlet duct.

4. An oil. burner, comprising a burner bowl having a plurality of air inlet openings and a central upstanding burner cone formed with radially spaced annular grooves in stepped relationship having an oil inlet duct extending substantially centrally vertically thereof, an air supply conduit overarching aid burner bowl having downturned ends connected to said air inlet openings of the burner bowland a depending air discharge opening; disposed over said burner cone and a fuel vaporizer comprising a T pipefitting adapted to register within said oil inlet duct.

5. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl having a plurality of air inlet openings and a central upstanding burner cone having an oil supply duct extending substantially centrally vertically therof,.an air sup ply conduit overarching said burner bowl having downturned ends connected to said air inlet openings of the burner bowl and a depending air discharge opening disposed over said burner cone, and a fuel vaporizer comprising a T pipe-fitting the lower portion of the base thereof being of smaller diameter than the upper to register within said oil inlet duct and to form a shoulder to position it therein.

6. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl having a plurality of air inlet openings and a central upstanding burner cone having an oil inlet duct extending substantially centrally vertically thereof, an air supply conduit overarching said burner bowl having downturned ends connected to said air inlet openings of the burner bowl. and a depending air discharge opening disposed over said burner cone and a fuel vaporizer co1nprising a T pipe-fitting adapted to register within said oil inlet duct, each end of the transverse portion thereof discharging substantially flush with the lower end of the de pending air discharge opening of said air supply conduit whereby the upper portion of the transverse portion of said T pipe-fitting may provide deflecting means to more thoroughly vaporize the oil before discharge from said fitting and ignition.

7. An oil burner, comprising a: burner bowl having a plurality of air inlet openings and a central upstanding burner cone having an oil inlet duct extending substantially centrally vertically thereof, an air supply conduit overarching said burner bowl having downturned ends connected to said air inlet openings of the burner bowl and a depending air discharge opening disposed over said burner cone, said conduit having the portion abo e the discharge opening downwardly deflected to provide a surface for deflecting the heated air down through said discharge opening, and a fuel vaporizer comprising a T pipe-fitting adapted to register within said oil inlet duct.

8. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl having a burner cone provided with means to supply oil upwardly therethrough a fuel. vaporizer mounted on said cone and connected with said oil supply means having means to deflect oil downwardly therein above said oil supply means and means to deliver oil vapor in transverse jets above said burner cone and means to discharge air downwardly upon said vaporizer and burner cone.

9. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl having a burner cone provided with means to supply oil upwardly therethrough, a fuel vaporizer mounted on said cone and connected with said oil supply means having means to deliver oil vapor in transverse jets above said burner cone and means to discharge air downwardly upon said vaporizer and burner cone.

10. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl provided with means to supply oil upwardly therethrough, a fuel vaporizer mounted on said bowl and connected with said oil supply means having means to deflect oil downwardly therein above said oilv supply means and means to deliver oil vapor in transverse jets above said burner bowl and means to discharge air downwardly upon said vaporizer and burner bowl.

11. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl provided with means to supply oil upwardly therethrough, a fuel vaporizer mounted on said bowl and connected with said oil supply means having means to deliver -oil vapor in transverse jets above said burner bowl and means to discharge air downwardly upon said vaporizer and burner bowl.

12. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl having a burner cone provided with means to supply oil upwardly therethrough, a fuel vaporizer comprising a T pipe-fitting having a base mounted on said cone and connected with said oil supply means and lateral. ports adapted to deliver oil vapor in transverse jets above said burner cone and means to discharge air downwardly upon said vaporizer and burner cone.

13. An oil burner, comprising a burner bowl provided with means to supply oil upwardly therethrough, a fuel vaporizer comprising a T pipe-fitting having a base mounted on said bowl and connected with said oil supply means and lateral ports jets outwardly above said burner bowl and means to discharge air downwardly upon said vaporizer and burner bowl.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

EUGENE J; JALBERT. 

